R&D, technology and commercialization
50 answers. Written by the celerfunding.com editorial team from official sources. Each answer shows where it applies and when its sources were read.
Who can get NRC IRAP support?
NRC IRAP is for incorporated, for-profit Canadian operating companies with up to 500 full-time equivalent employees. Sole proprietorships, partnerships and co-operatives are excluded.
Support is advisor-led and, in some cases, includes project funding. A senior executive contacts NRC IRAP, and an initial assessment by an advisor can lead to a proposal. The focus is technology-driven innovation with commercialization potential. Work performed outside Canada is excluded, and ordinary operating costs or purely commercial activity are not the target.
Meeting minimum criteria, or being invited to continue by an advisor, does not assure funding.
If you later claim SR&ED, government assistance such as IRAP affects the calculation and must be reported, so involve a tax professional.
Next step: read NRC's page and ask about a first conversation with an advisor.
Next: NRC innovation support
Can a small business or nonprofit get SBIR or STTR funding?
A small business can, if it is an eligible US for-profit company. A nonprofit cannot receive an SBIR/STTR award directly, though it may take a permitted project role.
SBIR and STTR are federal research and development awards. STTR requires a partnership with a qualifying research institution. Size, ownership and control rules apply, along with solicitation-specific tests, and a Unique Entity ID is required.
The programs were reauthorized on April 13, 2026, through September 30, 2031. That does not mean any competition is open: each agency solicitation has its own deadline.
This is not a general startup or charity grant program.
Nothing here predicts an award. Next step: read SBIR.gov's application guidance, find the relevant agency solicitation, and check dates.
Next: SBIR.gov: how to apply
Sources (read 2026-10-31): SBIR application guidance; SBA reauthorization announcement; NIH implementing notice
How do I start an NRC IRAP application?
Start by having a senior executive phone the NRC IRAP contact centre once you meet the minimum requirements. There is no simple online form that replaces that first call.
NRC describes a sequence. A client engagement advisor reviews your business and explains available help. An industrial technology advisor then assesses your vision, team and innovation potential and recommends supports. Support often begins with advice and referrals rather than money.
Being invited to submit a proposal does not mean funding will follow. Funding, where offered, is assessed against technical merit, business and financial capacity, likelihood of success, commercialization plans, and market potential and benefits to Canada.
Next step: confirm you meet the basic criteria, gather your documents, and read NRC's page before calling. CELER is not part of IRAP; you can send CELER an enquiry for general information only.
Next: NRC innovation support
Related: Who can get NRC IRAP support?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): NRC IRAP financial support for technology innovation
What documents do I need before talking to NRC IRAP?
Have your CRA business number, a business plan, recent financial statements, ownership structure details, and profiles or resumes of management and technical staff ready. NRC lists these as required documents.
They help an advisor judge whether you are an incorporated, for-profit company operating in Canada with up to 500 full-time equivalent employees and a technology-driven product or service. Advisors also look for plans to create economic benefits in Canada, such as jobs or greater innovation capacity.
Having documents ready does not make you eligible or likely to be funded. NRC says funding is never guaranteed.
Next step: gather the items above, then read NRC's current page for any change to the list. If your structure is a sole proprietorship, partnership, co-operative, LLC or ULC, check NRC's page first, since those structures are listed as not supported.
Next: NRC innovation support
Related: Who can get NRC IRAP support?; How do I start an NRC IRAP application?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): NRC IRAP financial support for technology innovation
What costs does NRC IRAP not cover?
NRC IRAP does not fund day-to-day operating expenses, non-technical or purely commercial activities, work performed outside Canada, or research with limited commercialization potential. NRC lists these as ineligible.
The program is aimed at research and development for innovative, technology-driven products and services and related innovation activities. It is not a general working-capital source. If you need money for payroll, rent, inventory or sales and marketing, a different route, such as a loan or line of credit, may suit better.
This list reflects NRC's page as of 2026-11-01. Project-level cost eligibility is set by the advisor and the contribution agreement, if any.
Next step: describe your planned costs to an IRAP advisor and ask which are eligible. Separately, ask a tax professional how any IRAP support affects an SR&ED claim.
Next: NRC innovation support
Related: Who can get NRC IRAP support?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): NRC IRAP financial support for technology innovation
What does NRC IRAP look at when deciding on funding?
NRC IRAP assesses technical merit, business and financial capacity, likelihood of success, commercialization plans, and market potential and benefits to Canada. These are the criteria NRC lists for funding.
In practice, an advisor reviews your team, technology and plan before any proposal is invited. A strong idea on its own is not enough. The business must also show it can carry the project and bring a product or service to market.
NRC states that funding is not guaranteed, and that being invited to submit a proposal does not ensure it. Amounts, timing and terms depend on the project and the agreement.
Next step: prepare a clear description of the technical challenge, your team's skills, your finances, and who will buy the result, then speak with an advisor. CELER cannot influence IRAP decisions.
Next: NRC innovation support
Related: How do I start an NRC IRAP application?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): NRC IRAP financial support for technology innovation
Can a nonprofit or charity get NRC IRAP support?
Generally no. NRC IRAP is for incorporated, for-profit businesses operating in Canada, so a nonprofit or charity does not match the stated eligibility.
NRC's page describes the program as helping small and medium-sized Canadian businesses commercialize technology-driven products and services. It lists incorporated, for-profit status as a requirement and names sole proprietorships, partnerships and co-operatives as unsupported.
A nonprofit may still take part in innovation work in other ways, such as a partnership with an eligible company or another program built for nonprofits. Whether a particular arrangement is allowed depends on that program's rules.
Next step: ask an IRAP advisor or the relevant program directly. For other nonprofit funding routes, see the nonprofit funding pages on this site.
Next: Nonprofit funding
Related: Who can get NRC IRAP support?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): NRC IRAP financial support for technology innovation
What is the difference between SBIR and STTR?
Both fund federal research and development with commercial potential, but STTR requires the small business to formally collaborate with a nonprofit research institution. SBIR does not.
SBIR.gov says that in STTR the business must perform at least 40% of the work and the research institution at least 30%. Eleven agencies take part in SBIR and six in STTR.
Both are awards for R&D, not general startup or working-capital funding. Each participating agency runs its own competition, and eligibility, topics and deadlines vary by solicitation.
SBIR.gov's FAQ also says a company may take part in both programs, but may not be paid twice for the same or essentially equivalent work.
Next step: read SBIR.gov's FAQ and the relevant agency's current solicitation, and check the dates.
Next: SBIR.gov: how to apply
Related: Can a small business or nonprofit get SBIR or STTR funding?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): SBIR/STTR frequently asked questions
How big are SBIR and STTR awards and how long do the phases last?
Typical awards are up to about $150,000 for Phase I and up to about $1,000,000 over two years for Phase II. Actual limits vary by agency and solicitation.
Phase I tests technical feasibility, merit and commercial potential. SBIR Phase I lasts about six months and STTR Phase I about a year, according to SBIR.gov's FAQ. Phase II continues the work and is generally open only to Phase I awardees.
SBIR.gov's About page also says that, as of October 16, 2026, agencies may issue Phase I awards up to $335,937 and Phase II awards up to $2,239,578 without SBA approval. Those are ceilings, not typical amounts, and larger awards need a waiver.
Nothing here predicts an award or amount. Next step: check the specific solicitation for its award size and period.
Next: SBIR.gov: how to apply
Related: Can a small business or nonprofit get SBIR or STTR funding?; What is the difference between SBIR and STTR?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): About SBIR/STTR; SBIR/STTR frequently asked questions
Is SBIR funding equity, a loan, or something I have to repay?
SBIR.gov describes SBIR funding as equity-free and non-dilutive, so the government does not take an ownership stake through the award. It is an R&D award rather than a loan.
That does not mean there are no obligations. Awards come with agency terms, reporting, rules on how funds may be used, and rules on intellectual property and data rights that vary by agreement. Those details are not covered by the page read here.
SBIR.gov also warns that collecting funds twice for the same work is treated as fraud.
Next step: read the solicitation and the award terms of the agency you target, and have a lawyer review any data-rights or ownership terms before accepting.
Next: SBIR.gov: how to apply
Related: Can a small business or nonprofit get SBIR or STTR funding?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): About SBIR/STTR; SBIR/STTR frequently asked questions
Does SBIR or STTR fund Phase III commercialization?
No. SBIR and STTR do not fund Phase III directly. Phase III is the commercialization stage that follows Phase I and Phase II.
SBIR.gov's FAQ says agencies may support Phase III through follow-on non-SBIR/STTR R&D or government production contracts. Whether any is offered depends on the agency and its needs, and nothing is assured.
If you hope to scale a product after Phase II, plan other capital, such as revenue, customers or private financing, from the start. Matching the right instrument to each stage matters.
Next step: read SBIR.gov's FAQ, talk to the program manager at your agency about transition options, and consider separate commercial funding advice. CELER can take a general enquiry but does not provide financing.
Next: SBIR.gov: how to apply
Related: What is the difference between SBIR and STTR?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): SBIR/STTR frequently asked questions
Can I get SBIR funding from more than one agency for the same project?
Not for the same or essentially equivalent work. A small business can take part in SBIR and STTR, at the same or different agencies, but it cannot perform the same work under more than one contract or grant.
SBIR.gov's FAQ says collecting funds twice for the same work is considered fraud. Different projects can be proposed to different agencies, and proposals usually ask you to disclose related awards or pending submissions.
Before submitting, list every related application and award, and describe how the work differs. When unsure, ask the agency's program manager in writing.
This is general information, not legal advice. Next step: read SBIR.gov's FAQ and the disclosure requirements in each solicitation.
Next: SBIR.gov: how to apply
Related: What is the difference between SBIR and STTR?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): SBIR/STTR frequently asked questions
What are the SBIR/STTR award limits as of late 2026?
As of October 16, 2026, SBIR.gov says agencies may issue Phase I awards, including modifications, up to $335,937 and Phase II awards up to $2,239,578 without SBA approval. Larger awards need a waiver.
These are ceilings that agencies may use, not typical or promised amounts. Many solicitations set lower amounts. SBIR.gov describes the programme as funded through eleven participating federal agencies, each running its own programme within guidelines set by Congress.
The figures were read on 2026-11-01 and are adjusted from time to time, so treat them as dated.
Next step: check the specific solicitation and agency for its own cap, and confirm figures on SBIR.gov before planning a budget.
Next: SBIR.gov: how to apply
Related: How big are SBIR and STTR awards and how long do the phases last?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): About SBIR/STTR
What is Mitacs Accelerate and who can use it?
Mitacs Accelerate funds research internships that connect a Canadian organization with an academic institution. For-profit and not-for-profit organizations, hospitals, municipalities and Indigenous governments in Canada can take part.
Mitacs says internships run four or six months, and can be extended. The standard award is $15,000 per internship, with a $20,000 model for postdoctoral fellows. Interns split time roughly evenly between the institution and the partner organization, and an eligible academic supervisor guides the research.
This is a cost-shared research partnership, not a general grant. For-profit partners must provide private-sector funds. Nonprofits, hospitals and municipalities must show an economic or productivity benefit from the project.
Next step: contact Mitacs to confirm eligibility for your organization and project. Funding is not assured.
Next: Mitacs Accelerate
Related: How is a Mitacs Accelerate internship paid for?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Mitacs Accelerate
How is a Mitacs Accelerate internship paid for?
In the standard model, the partner organization pays $7,500 and Mitacs contributes $7,500 toward a $15,000 internship. In the postdoctoral model, the partner pays $10,000 toward a $20,000 award.
Mitacs says the intern receives at least $10,000 as a stipend or salary, and up to $5,000 can go to research costs. Partners may add more funding, but Mitacs does not match the extra. Partner payments are subject to sales taxes such as GST/HST.
So a partner should budget its own cash. Mitacs is a cost-sharing partner, not a full funder of your project.
Figures are as read on 2026-11-01 and may change. Next step: confirm current terms with Mitacs and ask a tax professional how the payment is treated for you.
Next: Mitacs Accelerate
Related: What is Mitacs Accelerate and who can use it?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Mitacs Accelerate
Who can be a Mitacs Accelerate intern or supervisor?
Interns must be registered students or postdoctoral fellows at a Canadian institution, or recent graduates within two years of graduating. Postdocs must have finished their PhD within the past five years.
Mitacs says Canadian citizens, permanent residents, and international students or postdocs with the right visa or work permit, all aged 18 or older, can be eligible. At universities, supervisors are faculty who can hold Tri-Agency funds. At colleges and similar institutions, they are faculty or designated staff.
The partner organization supervises the on-site work and the academic supervisor guides the research.
Details can change and Mitacs confirms eligibility case by case. Next step: speak with a Mitacs business development contact and your target institution before drafting a proposal.
Next: Mitacs Accelerate
Related: What is Mitacs Accelerate and who can use it?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Mitacs Accelerate
What is Innovative Solutions Canada?
Innovative Solutions Canada is a federal ISED programme that connects government organizations with eligible Canadian small businesses to develop and test new solutions, products and services.
Its page describes two streams. In the Challenge stream, a government organization sets a problem and innovators compete for funding to prove feasibility and build a prototype. In the Testing stream, government buys promising innovations to try them in real operational settings.
It mixes procurement-style and funding elements, so it is neither an ordinary grant nor an ordinary sales contract. The page read here does not explain intellectual-property ownership.
Nothing is assured, and each challenge or call has its own rules and dates.
Next step: read the programme page, check current open challenges, and confirm IP and eligibility terms before applying.
Next: Innovative Solutions Canada
Related: Is Innovative Solutions Canada a grant or a government contract?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Innovative Solutions Canada
Is Innovative Solutions Canada a grant or a government contract?
It is neither exactly. The programme page does not call it a grant or a procurement programme, and its two streams contain elements of both.
In the Challenge stream, innovators receive funding to build prototypes for a problem a government organization has set. In the Testing stream, government buys promising innovations to test them. That difference matters for tax, reporting, ownership and what you must deliver.
The page read here does not address who owns intellectual property. Do not assume you keep or lose it. Check the terms of each call.
Because these are contracts or agreements with government, have a lawyer review the terms before signing.
Next step: read the specific challenge document and ask the programme contact about IP and payment terms.
Next: Innovative Solutions Canada
Related: What is Innovative Solutions Canada?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Innovative Solutions Canada
Who can apply to Innovative Solutions Canada?
Innovators must be eligible Canadian small businesses. Government organizations can set challenges or offer their own operational settings for testing.
The programme page read here does not define "small business" or list every test. The eligibility definition is set in each call, so it can vary. Nonprofits and individuals are not described as applicants on the page.
Eligibility does not mean you will be selected. Challenges compete on feasibility and prototype plans.
Next step: open the current challenge or call that fits your technology, read the eligibility section, and ask the programme if your corporate structure and size qualify. You can send CELER a general enquiry, but CELER is not affiliated with the programme.
Next: Innovative Solutions Canada
Related: What is Innovative Solutions Canada?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Innovative Solutions Canada
Can I get NSERC Alliance funding as a company?
A company cannot apply alone for NSERC Alliance Advantage; it joins as a partner organization of a Canadian university researcher who applies. At least one partner must be recognized for cost sharing and contribute cash.
NSERC says grants range from $20,000 to $1 million per year for one to five years, and NSERC covers 66.7% of direct costs. Only cash from cost-sharing-eligible partners counts toward the match.
Private partners generally need to be registered or incorporated, have at least two full-time employees and do R&D or produce goods or services in Canada. Venture capital or angel investors, holding companies and companies with fewer than two employees are not recognized.
Funds cannot buy equipment or services from partners. Eligibility and amounts can change, so confirm with NSERC.
Next step: talk to a university researcher and read NSERC's page.
Next: NSERC Alliance Advantage
Related: What is Mitacs Accelerate and who can use it?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Alliance Advantage
What is the Strategic Innovation Fund and who qualifies?
The Strategic Innovation Fund (SIF) has been replaced by the Strategic Response Fund (SRF), which focuses on very large projects. ISED says contributions start at $10 million and the focus is projects over $20 million.
For-profit and not-for-profit organizations incorporated in Canada, and collaborative projects planning to do business in Canada, can apply. Firms affected by tariffs may also qualify.
Existing SIF projects continue under their agreements, and new requests that would have gone to SIF are assessed under the SRF. AI compute projects are handled under the AI Compute Challenge.
This is not for typical small projects and no outcome is assured. Smaller firms may look at other programs such as NRC IRAP.
Next step: read the ISED page and the program guide before contacting the program.
Next: ISED Strategic Response Fund
Related: Who can get NRC IRAP support?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Strategic Response Fund frequently asked questions
Can a startup get funding from a Canadian supercluster or Scale AI?
Possibly, but it is not an open grant. Canada's Global Innovation Clusters, including Scale AI, take members from industry, academia, Indigenous groups and non-profits. The federal page says SMEs are a large part of the program, with more than half of industry project partners being SMEs.
Each cluster sets its own application process and terms. Some charge membership fees or have tiers, and some have free options. The page does not give project-funding eligibility rules or a cost-share percentage for a single project. It reports program totals only.
Before planning around cluster money, read the cluster's own member and project pages and ask what co-investment you would need. You can send CELER an enquiry, but CELER is not a cluster and cannot promise a place in a project.
Next: Canada funding resources
Related: Which kinds of organizations can join a Global Innovation Cluster?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Global Innovation Clusters
Which kinds of organizations can join a Global Innovation Cluster?
Industry, academic, Indigenous and non-profit organizations can join. That is how the federal Global Innovation Clusters page describes who the clusters accept as members.
The page also says small and medium enterprises are a core group of partners. It reports that more than 51% of industry project partners are SMEs. It does not say whether startups are treated differently from other SMEs.
Membership terms are set cluster by cluster. Fees, tiers and any free options differ, so you need to ask the specific cluster. Joining a cluster does not by itself mean a project will be funded.
A sensible next step is to read the member page of the cluster that matches your technology and ask what a typical project partner commits.
Next: Canada funding resources
Related: Can a startup get funding from a Canadian supercluster or Scale AI?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Global Innovation Clusters
How long does the NSF SBIR process take?
Expect about 1 to 2 months for a response to an NSF Project Pitch, and about six months after a full proposal for a funding notice. These are NSF's stated timeframes, not guarantees.
The process starts with a required Project Pitch, which you can submit at any time. Only invited applicants can submit a full proposal. You then register your company and submit by one of NSF's deadlines.
Build in extra time for registrations, which NSF says can be slow.
No outcome is assured, and an invitation to submit does not mean you will be funded.
Next step: read NSF's step-by-step page for current dates and the solicitation.
Next: NSF Seed Fund: how to apply
Related: How do I apply to NSF SBIR through America's Seed Fund?; Can a small business or nonprofit get SBIR or STTR funding?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Step-by-step process to apply for an NSF grant
How much of an NSERC Alliance project does NSERC pay?
NSERC covers 66.7% of direct costs in an Alliance Advantage project, a 2:1 leverage. Eligible partner cash must make up the rest of the required match.
Only cash from partners recognized for cost sharing counts. University cash and other funders' cash do not. Partner cash spent up to three months before submission can count. NSERC funds apply only to costs incurred after approval.
NSERC and partner funds cannot buy equipment or services from partners or pay partner travel. An early-career voucher option mentioned on the page had a deadline in February 2024 that has passed.
This is a summary of one program. Confirm current terms with NSERC.
Next step: read the program page and talk to your university research office.
Next: NSERC Alliance Advantage
Related: Can I get NSERC Alliance funding as a company?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Alliance Advantage
How do I apply to NSF SBIR through America's Seed Fund?
Start by submitting a Project Pitch to NSF; a full proposal is allowed only if NSF invites you. You can submit a pitch at any time, and NSF says to expect a response in about 1 to 2 months.
NSF's eligibility summary says the firm must be a US small business with fewer than 500 employees, at least 50% owned by US citizens or permanent residents, and not majority-owned by multiple venture capital, private equity or hedge funds. Funded work must be done in the US, and the principal investigator must be employed by the company at least 20 hours a week.
If invited, you register and submit by a deadline. NSF says funding decisions come about six months after submission.
No funding is assured. Next step: read NSF's page and the current solicitation. This is information, not application help.
Next: NSF Seed Fund: how to apply
Related: Can a small business or nonprofit get SBIR or STTR funding?; What is the difference between SBIR and STTR?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Step-by-step process to apply for an NSF grant
How does the DOE SBIR program work?
DOE's SBIR and STTR programs give competitive, non-dilutive research and development funding to eligible US small businesses. The projects must have commercialization potential and fit DOE mission areas.
The Office of Science page lists four focus areas: energy production and use, fundamental energy science, defense nuclear nonproliferation, and environmental management. It says DOE makes hundreds of awards a year.
The page points to sbir.gov for who counts as an eligible small business. Solicitation dates, topics and award sizes sit on the funding opportunities pages and can change, so I did not confirm them here.
Non-dilutive means the program does not take ownership shares. It does not mean funding is certain. Read the current solicitation before you plan.
Next: DOE SBIR/STTR program
Related: Can a small business or nonprofit get SBIR or STTR funding?; Who runs the DOE SBIR program now, and what changed with reauthorization?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): DOE Office of Science SBIR/STTR
Does the SBIR principal investigator have to work for the company?
For NSF SBIR, yes: the principal investigator must be legally employed by the company at least 20 hours a week. NSF says no advanced degree is required.
The PI must commit at least one month (173 hours) of work per six months of project duration. All funded work, including by consultants and contractors, must be done in the US.
Other agencies set their own rules, and STTR requires a research institution partner, so read the solicitation for the agency you target.
This is a summary of one agency's published rules. Check the current solicitation.
Next step: confirm the PI's employment and time before you pitch.
Next: NSF Seed Fund: how to apply
Related: Can a small business or nonprofit get SBIR or STTR funding?; How do I apply to NSF SBIR through America's Seed Fund?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Step-by-step process to apply for an NSF grant; Am I eligible to participate in the SBIR/STTR programs?
What is the NIST Manufacturing Extension Partnership?
NIST MEP is a US program that helps small and mid-sized manufacturers through state-designated MEP Centers. It is run by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. It is advisory support, not a grant program in itself.
NIST says the network has nearly 1,400 advisors at more than 450 service locations across the US and Puerto Rico. Centers help manufacturers develop products, find customers, expand markets, adopt technology and strengthen supply chains. NIST also lists cybersecurity resources.
It is a public-private cost-share model. Federal funds cover about half of each Center's funding, and client fees also contribute, so services may not be free.
Next step: use NIST's page to find your local MEP Center and ask what it offers.
Next: NIST MEP
Sources (read 2026-11-01): About NIST MEP
Can a company with venture capital investors qualify for SBIR?
Sometimes. SBIR requires the firm to be primarily US owned, with at least 51% held by US citizens or permanent residents, so VC ownership must fit that test.
NSF says it does not fund firms majority-owned by multiple venture capital, private equity or hedge funds. SBIR.gov describes venture-backed firms as needing extra consideration and sends readers to agency tutorials. Agencies set their own rules, so one agency may allow what another does not.
Firms also must have 500 or fewer employees, counting affiliates.
This is a summary of what was read, not a legal opinion on your cap table.
Next step: read the solicitation of your target agency and get advice from a lawyer before you apply.
Next: SBIR.gov eligibility tutorial
Related: Can a small business or nonprofit get SBIR or STTR funding?; Can a foreign-owned company receive SBIR funding?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Am I eligible to participate in the SBIR/STTR programs?; Step-by-step process to apply for an NSF grant
Can a foreign-owned company receive SBIR funding?
Generally no. SBIR.gov says foreign ownership fails the primarily US-owned test, which requires a majority held by US citizens or permanent residents (or qualifying US parent firms).
Foreign subcontractors can be used in SBIR, but all of their R&D must be performed in the US. For STTR, the research institution must be US-based, and foreign sub-awardees are allowed only in limited cases, which some agencies prohibit. NSF also requires funded work to be done in the US.
A Canadian company is not eligible just because it is Canadian. Agency solicitations can be stricter.
This is a summary of published rules, not legal advice.
Next step: read SBIR.gov's eligibility tutorial and the solicitation before spending time on a proposal.
Next: SBIR.gov eligibility tutorial
Related: Can a company with venture capital investors qualify for SBIR?; Can a small business or nonprofit get SBIR or STTR funding?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Am I eligible to participate in the SBIR/STTR programs?; Step-by-step process to apply for an NSF grant
How much SBIR or STTR work can a small business hand to subcontractors?
Only a limited share. For SBIR Phase I, the firm must do at least two-thirds of the research or analytical effort. For Phase II, it must do at least one-half.
STTR works differently. No more than 30% of total work can go to a third party. The small business must perform at least 40% of the R&D, and the single partnering research institution at least 30%.
The sbir.gov FAQ also warns that collecting funds more than once for the same work is fraud.
Agencies can measure these shares in their own ways, so read the solicitation for your topic. If your plan relies heavily on outside labs or consultants, check the limits before you budget.
Next: SBIR.gov FAQ
Related: What is the difference between SBIR and STTR?; Can a university or nonprofit research body be my STTR partner, and what does it do?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): SBIR/STTR frequently asked questions
Who runs the DOE SBIR program now, and what changed with reauthorization?
DOE's SBIR and STTR programs are now managed by DOE's Office of Technology Commercialization, and the Office of Science page says the programs were reauthorized effective April 13, 2026. This is as of 1 November 2026.
The page tells current applicants and awardees to email the Office of Science address about active awards or applications. It lists a separate address for forward-looking questions.
It does not list new solicitation dates or award sizes. Those are on the funding opportunities pages, which I did not read in full here.
Because the program was reauthorized only recently, rules and schedules may still be moving. Check the OTC site and the current solicitation before relying on older guidance.
Next: DOE SBIR/STTR program
Related: How does the DOE SBIR program work?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): DOE Office of Science SBIR/STTR
Can a foreign-owned company keep title to an invention made with US federal funding?
Not automatically. Under 35 U.S.C. 202, a small business or nonprofit may elect to keep title to inventions made under a federal funding agreement. But an agency can override that in set cases. One is where the contractor is foreign-located or foreign-controlled.
Other cases include exceptional circumstances and certain security or Department of Energy facility situations. The agency has to make a determination first and send a copy to the Secretary of Commerce within 30 days of award. A contractor that thinks a determination is improper can challenge it.
This is a statute summary only. Funding agreements and agency rules add terms. Foreign ownership can also affect whether you are eligible at all, so talk to a patent attorney and read the solicitation.
Next: SBIR.gov FAQ
Related: Can a foreign-owned company receive SBIR funding?; Who owns an invention made with US federal research funding?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): 35 U.S.C. 202 Disposition of rights
Which partners count as industry partners in NSERC Alliance Advantage?
Many types of organizations can count, but not all. NSERC says Canadian private companies, multinationals with Canadian operations, government departments, municipalities, Indigenous organizations, utilities, industry associations, registered charities and community organizations can be recognized for cost sharing.
Not recognized are venture capital or angel investors, holding companies, companies with fewer than two full-time employees, R&D funding agencies, post-secondary institutions, hospitals and foreign governments. Foreign companies count only when partnered with a recognized Canadian partner.
A private company partner generally needs to be registered or incorporated, have two full-time employees, do R&D or produce goods or services in Canada, and operate independently.
Each partner must play an active role. Confirm details with NSERC.
Next step: check your organization against NSERC's list before approaching a researcher.
Next: NSERC Alliance Advantage
Related: Can I get NSERC Alliance funding as a company?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Alliance Advantage
What are the steps to apply to the EIC Accelerator?
The EIC Accelerator has several steps. Step 1 is a short proposal: a short form, a pitch deck and a video pitch. Four experts assess it in monthly batches, and feedback arrives in about four to six weeks.
Step 2 is a full proposal on the EU Funding and Tenders portal, if you get a GO. Evaluation takes about eight to nine weeks. The top-ranked proposals are invited to a jury interview in Step 3, with results in two to three weeks.
Step 4 is contracting. Grant-only applicants sign a grant agreement. Blended-finance applicants also go through due diligence, which typically takes two to six months.
Proposals scoring at least 13 out of 15 but not funded can get a Seal of Excellence. Timelines are as of 1 November 2026 and can change.
Next: International funding resources
Related: What is the EIC Accelerator and who can apply?; Is EIC Accelerator money a grant or equity?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): EIC Accelerator
What is the EIC Accelerator and who can apply?
It is a Horizon Europe funding programme for start-ups and SMEs with an innovative product or business model that could create or disrupt markets. It suits companies that need more capital than private investors alone will provide.
Single start-ups and SMEs, including spin-outs, can apply. Small mid-caps with up to 499 employees can apply for investment only. People planning to set up an SME may apply too. Applicants must be from EU Member States or countries associated with Horizon Europe, and only one application can be live at a time.
This is a competitive programme, so meeting the basics does not mean funding. Check the current call and the associated-country list before you invest time.
Next: International funding resources
Related: What are the steps to apply to the EIC Accelerator?; Can a company outside the EU apply to the EIC Accelerator?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): EIC Accelerator
Can I hold other grants while using Mitacs Accelerate, and does SR&ED still apply?
Yes, Mitacs says it does not restrict recipients from holding other grants. But you must check whether your other funders have their own restrictions before you apply.
The Mitacs page also says a project may be eligible for SR&ED if the work is done in Canada and meets CRA requirements, and it points to CRA for that. It does not mention IRAP, so ask a Mitacs advisor and your IRAP advisor how the two fit together.
Mitacs interns cannot hold overlapping Mitacs internships or fellowships.
SR&ED is a tax incentive, not a grant, and government assistance can reduce it. A tax practitioner can tell you the effect on your own claim.
Next: Canada funding resources
Related: What is Mitacs Accelerate and who can use it?; What does NRC IRAP look at when deciding on funding?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Mitacs Accelerate
Is EIC Accelerator money a grant or equity?
It can be either, or both. The EIC Accelerator offers a grant, an equity investment, or a blend.
The grant is a lump sum below EUR 2.5 million for innovation activities at technology readiness levels 6 to 8, completed within 24 months. The investment is EUR 1 to 10 million in equity or quasi-equity, such as convertible loans. It can be combined with the grant, or used alone by fast-growing companies that do not need a grant. Larger amounts are available through STEP ScaleUP.
Equity means the EIC Fund takes a stake, so this is not non-dilutive money. Amounts and budgets are as of 1 November 2026 and change by call. Read the terms and take legal advice before you accept an investment.
Next: International funding resources
Related: What is the EIC Accelerator and who can apply?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): EIC Accelerator
Can a company get the EIC Accelerator grant more than once?
No. The EIC page says companies can receive the Accelerator grant only once during the 2021-2027 programme period.
That limit is stated for the grant. The page does not say the same about the equity investment, which is a separate component. You also may submit only one application at a time.
If your proposal meets the quality threshold but is not funded, you can get a Seal of Excellence. That label can help when approaching other funders.
The programme period ends in 2027, and rules for later periods may differ. Check the current call text before you plan a second application.
Next: International funding resources
Related: Is EIC Accelerator money a grant or equity?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): EIC Accelerator
What is the EIC Seal of Excellence?
It is a quality label for proposals that meet the EIC's score threshold but are not funded. On the EIC Accelerator page, proposals scoring at least 13 out of 15 that miss funding can receive a Seal of Excellence.
The page says the label is meant to help the company find other funding. It is not money, and it does not oblige anyone to fund you.
If you earn one, you can mention it to national or regional funders and investors. Whether any of them recognises it depends on that funder, so ask them directly.
The threshold and process are as read on 1 November 2026 and can change with each call.
Next: International funding resources
Related: What are the steps to apply to the EIC Accelerator?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): EIC Accelerator
Can a university or nonprofit research body be my STTR partner, and what does it do?
Yes. STTR needs a US nonprofit Research Institution, usually a public or private university or a federal lab that is an FFRDC. It must be located in the US.
The university or lab cannot submit the proposal alone. The small business is the applicant and the business and technical lead. The institution collaborates on the project and must perform at least 30% of the R&D, and a single institution must provide that minimum.
These rules apply to Phase I and Phase II. Agencies measure the shares in different ways, so read the solicitation. Agree intellectual property and data terms with the institution early.
Next: SBIR.gov program basics
Related: What is the difference between SBIR and STTR?; How is STTR work split between the small business and the partner?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Am I eligible to participate in the SBIR/STTR programs?
How is STTR work split between the small business and the partner?
The small business must do at least 40% of the R&D and the research institution at least 30%. The remaining work, up to 30%, can be done by either of them or by other subawardees.
Total subawards cannot exceed 60%. These rules apply to both Phase I and Phase II STTR projects. A single research institution must supply the 30% minimum.
Agencies measure these percentages differently, so the numbers in your budget depend on the solicitation you target. The sbir.gov FAQ gives a related figure: no more than 30% of the total work can be subcontracted to a third party.
Plan the split before you approach a partner, and keep records that show who did what.
Next: SBIR.gov program basics
Related: How much SBIR or STTR work can a small business hand to subcontractors?; Can a university or nonprofit research body be my STTR partner, and what does it do?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Am I eligible to participate in the SBIR/STTR programs?; SBIR/STTR frequently asked questions
Can a company outside the EU apply to the EIC Accelerator?
Only if it is based in an EU Member State or a country associated with Horizon Europe. Applicants must come from one of those.
Third-country companies can relocate to become eligible, but the page says they must do so before the full application (Step 2). UK applicants can only apply for the grant-only scheme. Only one application can be live at a time.
Canada and the US are covered in other Horizon Europe answers on this site. For EIC, check the current list of associated countries and call text, because association status can change.
Moving a company is a major legal and tax decision. Take advice before you do it for a funding programme.
Next: International funding resources
Related: What is the EIC Accelerator and who can apply?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): EIC Accelerator
Can government money count as my private-sector contribution for Mitacs Accelerate?
Generally no. Mitacs says for-profit partners must provide private-sector funds, which it defines as funds not sourced from government aid.
On that definition, government-sourced money should not count toward the required contribution. The page does not say how this applies to a specific program such as IRAP, so ask a Mitacs advisor before you rely on it.
The page lists the standard model as a contribution starting at $7,500 per 4- or 6-month internship for a $15,000 award, and the intern must receive at least $10,000 as stipend or salary. Partner contributions are subject to GST, HST or QST.
Hospitals, municipalities, not-for-profits and Indigenous governments are encouraged but not required to provide private-sector funds.
Next: Canada funding resources
Related: How is a Mitacs Accelerate internship paid for?; Can I hold other grants while using Mitacs Accelerate, and does SR&ED still apply?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Mitacs Accelerate
Who owns an invention made with US federal research funding?
Usually the small business or nonprofit that made it, if it elects to keep title. Under 35 U.S.C. 202, a nonprofit or small business may elect to retain title to a subject invention.
The government still gets a nonexclusive, nontransferable, irrevocable, paid-up licence to practise the invention worldwide for or on behalf of the US. Any US patent application must state that the invention was made with government support.
If you fail to disclose, elect or file on time, the government may be able to take title. Agencies can also override the election in listed cases.
This is a statute summary, not legal advice. Your funding agreement adds terms, so have a patent attorney review it.
Next: SBIR.gov FAQ
Related: Can a foreign-owned company keep title to an invention made with US federal funding?; What deadlines apply to reporting and claiming an invention made with federal funding?; Does the US government get rights in an invention made with its research funding?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): 35 U.S.C. 202 Disposition of rights
When is the final financial report due on a US federal award?
The final financial report is due 120 calendar days after the period of performance ends. A subrecipient's final report to its pass-through entity is due 90 days after that date.
During the award, agencies collect financial reports at least annually and no more often than quarterly unless a specific condition applies. Annual reports are due 90 calendar days after the reporting period. Quarterly or semiannual reports are due 30 days after.
The usual form is the SF-425 Federal Financial Report. An agency or pass-through entity may extend a due date if you give a justification.
Performance reports are covered in a separate section that I did not read. Your award terms control, so check them.
Next: United States funding resources
Sources (read 2026-11-01): 2 CFR 200.328 Financial reporting
What deadlines apply to reporting and claiming an invention made with federal funding?
There are three clocks. You must disclose each subject invention to the agency within a reasonable time after your patent staff learn of it. You must elect in writing to keep title within two years of disclosure, unless the agency allows more time.
The agency can shorten that to no earlier than 60 days before a statutory one-year patent bar date. You must file a US patent application before that one-year period ends, and file foreign applications within reasonable times.
Missing any step allows the government to take title. These are statutory terms under 35 U.S.C. 202, and your agreement may add detail. Set up invention reporting inside the company before you receive an award, and talk to a patent attorney.
Next: SBIR.gov FAQ
Related: Who owns an invention made with US federal research funding?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): 35 U.S.C. 202 Disposition of rights
What is the Testing Stream of Innovative Solutions Canada?
It is the stream where the Government of Canada tests innovations in its own real-world settings. The program page says innovators can apply for funding to test their innovation in real-life settings, and the government gets the opportunity to buy the commercialized innovation.
The other stream is the Challenge Stream, where innovators compete for funding to prove feasibility and build a prototype for a government challenge.
The page I read does not give amounts, eligibility details or intellectual property terms. Those are in the funding opportunity documents for each call.
The chance to buy is an opportunity, not a promise of a contract. Read the open calls and the applicant guide first.
Next: Canada funding resources
Related: What is Innovative Solutions Canada?; Is Innovative Solutions Canada a grant or a government contract?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): Innovative Solutions Canada
Does the US government get rights in an invention made with its research funding?
Yes. The agency gets a nonexclusive, nontransferable, irrevocable, paid-up licence to practise the invention worldwide for or on behalf of the United States. That comes from 35 U.S.C. 202.
This does not remove your title if you properly elect to keep it. It means the government can use the invention for its own purposes. Any US patent application must say the invention was made with government support.
Agencies may also require periodic reports on use of the invention, which are treated as confidential. Small businesses get a licensing preference for nonprofit-owned inventions unless that is infeasible.
If you plan to license the invention to others, have a patent attorney read your funding agreement first.
Next: SBIR.gov FAQ
Related: Who owns an invention made with US federal research funding?
Sources (read 2026-11-01): 35 U.S.C. 202 Disposition of rights
What CELER is and is not. celerfunding.com is operated by Celer Merchants Corporation. We are not a lender, grantmaker, government agency, investment portal or licensed adviser, and we are not an official partner of the programs mentioned here. This page is general information, not legal, tax, investment or credit advice. A CELER enquiry is not an official grant or loan application.